Concrete in Hardscaping
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Concrete can be challenging if not prepared correctly. Concrete is generally less than pavers, however pavers are easier to fix or repair, and can take on heavy car traffic as well. We generally use these preparations to assist in Quality Control and to make sure the Concrete will bond correctly. Using a good concrete company who mixes the concrete correctly, is very helpful. As Blue2green ensures, a good concrete company is within specification tolerances. Please note, if you have existing concrete more than likely it will not look or appear the same as the original, due to the mixing ingredients and each company buys different compounds.
If you live in the Greater Charlotte-Upper South Carolina Metro area, call or text us for a free estimate and see if we can help you elevate your landscape. 803- 370-5211
Here are some helpful hints:
Creating concrete driveways and extensions involves a series of steps, and it’s important to follow proper procedures to ensure that the driveway is durable and functional. Here’s a guide to help you through the process:
Materials You’ll Need for Concrete Hardscaping:
- Concrete mix (can be purchased pre-mixed or you can mix your own)
- Gravel or crushed stone (for base)
- Rebar or wire mesh (for reinforcement)
- Wooden forms (to shape the edges of the driveway)
- Concrete tools (shovel, rake, trowel, level, concrete mixer, etc.)
- Concrete sealer (optional for finishing)
- Water for mixing the concrete
- Stakes and string for leveling the forms
1. Planning and Preparation
- Check Regulations: Before starting, ensure you check with local authorities for any required permits and regulations, such as setbacks, drainage requirements, and concrete thickness.
- Design: Decide on the dimensions and design of your driveway or extension. Measure the width and length of the area, keeping in mind any vehicle requirements or extra space for turning.
Access: Make sure you have clear access to the site, and be aware of any underground utilities.
2. Excavating and Preparing the Site
- Clear the Area: Remove any grass, weeds, rocks, or debris from the site.
- Excavation: Use a shovel, or preferably a small excavator, to dig down to the required depth (typically 4-6 inches for the driveway and 8-10 inches for an extension).
- Base Layer: Create a gravel or crushed stone base for the driveway, usually 4-6 inches deep. This helps with drainage and stability. Compact it with a plate compactor or tamper.
3. Formwork and Reinforcement
- Build the Forms: Set up wooden forms around the perimeter of the area to shape the concrete. Ensure the forms are level and securely staked into place. If the driveway has curves, flexible forms may be needed.
- Level the Forms: Use a string line and a level to ensure that the forms are perfectly level and even.
- Reinforcement: Add rebar or wire mesh inside the forms for added strength. Reinforce the concrete in a grid-like pattern, ensuring it’s suspended in the center of the slab. If you’re using rebar, tie it together with wire.
4. Mixing and Pouring Concrete
- Mix the Concrete: If you’re mixing your own, combine cement, sand, and gravel in the correct proportions (typically 1 part cement, 2 parts sand, and 3 parts gravel), and add water gradually until you reach a thick but pourable consistency.
- If you’re using ready-mix concrete, you can have it delivered and poured directly into the site.
- Pour the Concrete: Start pouring the concrete into the form. Work in small sections, filling the area evenly and ensuring there are no air pockets.
- Level and Spread: Use a shovel or rake to spread and level the concrete as you go. Use a straightedge to ensure the surface is smooth and even with the forms.
5. Finishing the Concrete Surface
- Screeding: After pouring, use a long board (screed) to level off the concrete and remove any excess. Move the board back and forth in a sawing motion across the surface.
- Floating: Use a concrete float to smooth the surface, pressing it down slightly to remove any air pockets and create a smooth texture.
- Troweling: For a smooth finish, use a steel trowel after floating. This is especially important if you’re aiming for a decorative finish.
- Control Joints: Use a groover tool to create control joints in the concrete, which help prevent cracking. These should be spaced at regular intervals (about 10 feet apart).
- Texturing: If you want a decorative texture (like broom finishing for added traction), you can use a broom to create a textured surface.
6. Curing the Concrete
- Allow the Concrete to Set: Let the concrete set for about 24-48 hours, keeping it moist with a light misting of water to prevent cracking. Curing is a crucial process for strengthening the concrete, so don’t rush it.
- Curing Time: Concrete typically takes about 28 days to fully cure and reach its maximum strength, but after 3-4 days, it should be strong enough for light use.
7. Sealing and Maintenance (Optional)
- Sealing: After the concrete has fully cured, you can apply a concrete sealer to protect it from stains, moisture, and wear. This step is optional but can help prolong the life of your driveway.
- Maintenance: Regularly clean the driveway and keep it free from debris and cracks. If cracks appear over time, seal them promptly to avoid water damage.
8. Extension of an Existing Driveway
- Ensure the Area Matches: If you’re adding an extension, make sure the new concrete blends seamlessly with the old driveway. You’ll want to ensure the base is properly compacted, and that the new concrete is level with the existing surface.
- Matching the Finish: Try to replicate the texture and finish of the original driveway so it looks consistent.
If you are looking for concrete work done or an extension, a walkway, or small foundations for small buildings, sheds or hardscape areas, give us a call at Blue2green 803.30.5211 .
Michael Conzalez
Owner
Michael has worked in the Air Force for 6 years as an Aircraft Mechanic, helping veterans. He has 3 family members. He adopted a child and has 2 of his own. He has been married 23 years to a beautiful person and his hobbies are flying toys around and Mexican Art and Jewelry.
